【初中时间状语从句专项复习及练习】在英语学习中,时间状语从句是语法学习的重点内容之一。它用来表示主句动作发生的时间背景,帮助我们更准确地表达事件发生的先后顺序或同时性。掌握好时间状语从句的用法,不仅有助于提高阅读理解能力,还能在写作中使语言更加清晰、自然。
一、什么是时间状语从句?
时间状语从句是指在复合句中,用来修饰主句、说明主句动作发生时间的从句。它通常由一些连词引导,如 when, while, as, before, after, until, since, as soon as, by the time 等。
例如:
- When I got home, my sister was cooking dinner.
(当我到家时,我姐姐正在做饭。)
- While I was reading a book, the phone rang.
(我正在看书的时候,电话响了。)
二、常见时间状语从句引导词及用法
| 引导词 | 含义 | 用法说明 |
|--------|------|----------|
| when | 当……的时候 | 表示主句动作发生的时间点,主句和从句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生。 |
| while | 当……的时候(强调同时进行) | 表示两个动作同时发生,常用于进行时态。 |
| as | 当……的时候(强调同时发生) | 和 while 类似,但语气更口语化。 |
| before | 在……之前 | 表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前。 |
| after | 在……之后 | 表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。 |
| until | 直到……为止 | 表示主句动作持续到某个时间点。 |
| since | 自从……以来 | 表示从过去某一时间点开始一直持续到现在的动作。 |
| as soon as | 一……就…… | 表示主句动作紧接着从句动作发生。 |
| by the time | 到……的时候 | 表示在某个时间点之前已经完成的动作。 |
三、时间状语从句的时态搭配
时间状语从句中的动词时态通常要与主句保持一致,但也有一些固定搭配需要注意:
1. 一般现在时 + 一般将来时
- When he arrives, we will start.
(他一到,我们就出发。)
2. 一般过去时 + 一般过去时
- She called me when I was studying.
(我正在学习的时候她给我打了电话。)
3. 现在完成时 + 一般过去时
- I have finished my homework by the time you came.
(你来的时候我已经完成了作业。)
4. 过去完成时 + 一般过去时
- He had left before I arrived.
(我到达之前他已经离开了。)
四、易错点与注意事项
1. 区分 when 和 while
- when 可以引导任何时态的从句,而 while 通常用于进行时态。
- 例:
- I was watching TV when the phone rang.
- I was watching TV while the phone was ringing.
2. 注意 as 的用法
- as 有时可代替 when,但更强调“同时发生”或“随着……”。
3. 避免重复使用相同引导词
- 在同一个句子中不要重复使用相同的引导词,以免造成混淆。
五、练习题(附答案)
一、选择正确的引导词填空:
1. I will call you ______ I get to the station.
A. whenB. whileC. beforeD. after
2. She was cooking ______ her brother was doing his homework.
A. whenB. whileC. asD. before
3. We had already left ______ the rain started.
A. beforeB. afterC. whenD. until
4. He didn’t go to bed ______ he finished his work.
A. untilB. sinceC. becauseD. when
5. ______ I saw her, I knew she was tired.
A. WhenB. WhileC. AsD. Before
二、改写句子:
1. The teacher entered the classroom. The students were talking.
→ While the teacher entered the classroom, the students were talking.
2. I called him after I finished my homework.
→ I called him after I had finished my homework.
3. She went out before it started raining.
→ She went out before it began to rain.
六、总结
时间状语从句是英语语法中非常实用的一部分,熟练掌握其结构和用法,可以帮助我们在写作和口语中更准确地表达时间关系。通过不断练习和积累,相信大家都能轻松应对相关题目,提升英语综合能力。
参考答案:
一、选择题:
1. A2. B3. A4. A5. A
二、改写句子:
(略,根据题目要求自行判断)